Research Brief: Climate Change and Impact on Basic Services

Climate change is worsening inequalities in basic service delivery across Indonesia, particularly in rural, coastal, and remote areas with limited infrastructure. SKALA’s Public Expenditure and Revenue Analysis (PERA) in eight provinces (Aceh, Gorontalo, Maluku, East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Papua, West Papua, and North Kalimantan) reveals how rising temperatures, floods, droughts, and coastal erosion strain access to clean water, sanitation, healthcare, education, and food systems. The research underscores the vital role of local governments in planning services and driving green economic transitions, while recommending three strategic priorities: investing in climate-resilient basic services for underserved communities, supporting local sustainable economic diversification, and integrating climate and vulnerability data into subnational planning and budgeting. This publication is part of SKALA’s commitment to advancing inclusive, climate-resilient governance and strengthening basic service delivery at both national and subnational levels.